Laundries, bakeries, soft-drink bottlers, dairies, and retail shops contributed to the economy. Salisbury’s other businesses produced lumber, building stone, flour, cottonseed oil, furniture, mattresses, candy, and turpentine. Salisbury and surrounding Rowan County were home to 15 textile mills employing more than 1,700 people. Salisbury, in the Piedmont region of North Carolina, was the commercial center of a large agricultural area dominatedīy cotton. A Way of TravelĬommunities in the 1920s relied on trains for transporting goods. But their efforts pressured the federal government to make states comply with desegregationīecause of these kinds of protests over transportation, laws and social customs began to change throughout the segregated South. The Freedom Riders were attacked as they traveled, and one of their buses was burned in Alabama. The South to see if bus stations were desegregated as ordered. In 1961, integrated groups of activists calling themselves Freedom Riders boarded buses and traveled into Transportation issues remained at the forefront of the movement when it entered the next stage: making sure that the new laws were being applied. Other forms of protest against institutionalized racism. The Montgomery, Alabama, bus boycott of 1955-56 showed the power of nonviolent direct action and encouraged Mass protests against segregated transportation helped create the modern civil rights movement. Reversed Plessy, the doctrine of “separate but equal” was the law of the land.Īfter 1954, segregation remained a common practice. For the next half century, until 1954’s Brown v. Ferguson decision declared racial segregation legal. Transportation has long been a flash point in the struggle for racial equality in America. ![]() Bus at Anniston, Alabama, 1961 Courtesy of United Press International
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